U.S. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVS) and Network Centric Warfare (NCW) impacts on combat aviation tactics from Gulf War I through 2007 Iraq

Unmanned, aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an increasingly important element of many modern militaries. Their success on battlefields in Afghanistan, Iraq, and around the globe has driven demand for a variety of types of unmanned vehicles. Their proven value consists in low risk and low cost, and their capabilities include persistent surveillance, tactical and combat reconnaissance, resilience, and dynamic re-tasking. This research evaluates past, current, and possible future operating environments for several UAV platforms to survey the changing dynamics of combat-aviation tactics and make recommendations regarding UAV employment scenarios to the Turkish military. While UAVs have already established their importance in military operations, ongoing evaluations of UAV operating environments, capabilities, technologies, concepts, and organizational issues inform the development of future systems. To what extent will UAV capabilities increasingly define tomorrow's missions, requirements, and results in surveillance and combat tactics? Integrating UAVs and concepts of operations (CONOPS) on future battlefields is an emergent science. Managing a transition from manned- to unmanned and remotely piloted aviation platforms involves new technological complexity and new aviation personnel roles, especially for combat pilots. Managing a UAV military transformation involves cultural change, which can be measured in decades.http://archive.org/details/usunmannedaerial109454211Turkish Air Force authors.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Kinesio Taping for temporomandibular disorders: Single-blind, randomized, controlled trial of effectiveness

PubMedID: 26966829BACKGROUND: Data regarding the effectiveness of Kinesio Taping in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of Kinesio Taping (KT) in patients with TMD. METHODS: Patients with TMDs were randomized into experimental and control groups. The experimental group (n = 14) received KT in combination with counseling and jaw exercise, whilst controls (n = 14) were given the regimen of counseling and exercise alone. Jaw movements, Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and self-reported measures (functional limitation and masticatory efficiency) were evaluated at baseline, first and sixth weeks of the treatment. Biobehavioral questionnaire was filled out at baseline and at sixth week. RESULTS: Active mouth opening improved more in the experimental group than controls (p = 0.003). In the experimental group, VAS for temporomandibular joint, masticatory efficiency and functional limitation improved significantly at the sixth week when compared to baseline (p = 0.011, p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), but not in controls. Subjective treatment efficacy was higher in the experimental group than that of controls (p = 0.000). Pain, depression and disability scores reduced significantly in the experimental group (p = 0.001, p = 0.006 and p = 0.01, respectively), but not in controls. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, KT in combination with counseling and exercise is more effective than counseling and exercise alone in TMDs. © 2016 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved